It’s no surprise the Covid lab leak theory persists in the US, given its history of biological weapons
Tom Fowdy
is a British writer and analyst of politics and international relations with a primary focus on East Asia.
27 May, 2021 13:30
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The suggestion in America that Covid-19 came from a Chinese lab
just won’t go away. The thought that a state could act malevolently in
this way has taken hold for a reason: the US has its own chequered past
in biological research.
On Wednesday evening,
after new claims surfaced in the Wall Street Journal, President Joe
Biden issued an executive order requiring US intelligence to investigate
Covid’s origins – and the specific consideration that it was a leak
from the Wuhan Institute of Virology – giving it 90 days to do so.
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The news has come at the same time as the World Health Assembly, where the US has continued to politicize Covid-19 and demand transparency – a stance that is causing irritation in Beijing.
But
there are still many questions to be asked. Why are some voices in the
US so obsessed with the idea of a lab leak? And where did these claims,
besides gaining traction as a talking point for Donald Trump, actually
surface? What is their vindication in the American public imagination?
While China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian hit back at the US claims in early 2020 with the dubious suggestion
that the virus had originated in a US lab instead, could the Wuhan lab
theory be a product of American ‘projection’? Is it feasible that it’s a
move to scapegoat China for alleged biological warfare research when
it’s been doing the same thing for decades?
To date, all the
Covid-19 lab-related theories lack serious evidence. The claims, and
their overwhelmingly political character, have been extremely disruptive
towards scientists’ bid to establish facts about the pandemic.
However,
it’s fair to point out that, when it comes to ‘biological warfare’,
America has no right to point a finger at other countries, especially
China. In 1942, the US commenced
its own biological warfare programme. On the instructions of Franklin
D. Roosevelt, and armed with a $60 million budget and 4,000 employees,
it was a small undertaking compared to the nuclear-focused Manhattan Project of the same period, yet it was one that would prove consequential.
It
was first alleged to have been utilised in the Korean War, ironically
against the Chinese. In 1952, reports began to emerge of Chinese
soldiers from different cities dying with what appeared to be Anthrax and from uncommon conditions such as encephalitis. As an account shared in the New York Times notes, “Medical workers were mobilized to investigate a flood of sudden deaths,” both in China and Korea.
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A paper by Stephen Endicott and Edward Hagerman of Canada’s York University also observed, “For
half a century, one of the most closely guarded state secrets of the
United States government has been its large-scale field experiments with
biological weapons during the Korean War.”
Of course, this was then followed by the Vietnam War, where a number of chemical and biological weapons were also used, with grave implications for the population. Noam Chomsky has also claimed that biological agents were used against Cuba, too.
In
1969, Richard Nixon purportedly brought a close to the US biological
warfare program and subsequently paved the way for the Geneva Protocol
to be ratified, and, by 1975, the Biological Weapons Convention.
However,
the program was merely rebranded as the ‘United States biological
defense program’ instead, and while the US does not claim to produce
such weapons anymore, according to Jez Littlewood’s book
‘The Biological Weapons Convention: A Failed Revolution’ there remains a
considerable grey area that still allows biological weapons research to
continue. They just aren’t used in open battle.
This brings us to
the controversy surrounding Fort Detrick, a site in Maryland that has
long been the heart of US biological weapons research. China’s impetus
for focusing on this facility was the closing down of its germ research operations in August 2019, after two bio safety breaches involving dangerous pathogens.
Thus,
in early March 2020, just as Arkansas’ Republican senator Tom Cotton
began to perpetuate the lab leak theory, Zhao Lijian tweeted an article
that sought to pin the blame on the Fort Detrick leak and,
unconvincingly, to attempt to tie it to Wuhan.
This
attracted outrage in the US, of course, and China was accused of
misinformation, which subsequently led to Trump’s ‘China virus’ meme and
the wholesale politicization of the pandemic.
Fast-forward to
just over a year later, and certain voices in the US are still pushing
the lab theory. But do they have the moral high ground to accuse China?
If anything, their claim is based on a projection of the fact that, to
various degrees, the US itself has heavily invested in and used
biological warfare.
The theory seeks to represent China as
secretive and dangerous, and malevolently plotting against the world by
creating pathogens, when, in reality, the US has always done this. The
idea of a lab leak, be it in Wuhan or in Maryland, is unsubstantiated
and arguably nonsensical. But the thought that a state could act in such
a way is on America’s national conscience for a reason.
