NEVER FORGIVE, NEVER FORGET WHAT THE DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION AND THE PHILIPPINES SUPREME COURT HAVE DONE TO THE PHILIPPINES PEOPLE IN THE NAME OF TREASON TO THE US MILITARY

 

  1. COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines



    Logo of Resbakuna,[a] the national COVID-19 vaccination campaign of the Philippines
    DateMarch 1, 2021 – July 22, 2023
    LocationPhilippines
    CauseCOVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines
    Target
    • Achieve herd immunity
    • Fully vaccinate 70% of the population (77.1 million) against COVID-19[1]
    Organized byDepartment of Health (DOH)
    Participants166,423,405 total doses administered[b]
    Outcome65.16% of the Filipino population has received their first dose of a two-dose vaccine or a single-dose vaccine
    67.75% has been fully vaccinated
    19.72% has received a booster doses
    WebsiteDepartment of Health

    The COVID-19 vaccination program in the Philippines was a mass immunization campaign against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in response to the pandemic in the country. The vaccination program was initiated by the Duterte administration on March 1, 2021, a day after the arrival of the country's first vaccine doses which were donated by the Chinese government.[2]

    The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued emergency use authorizations (EUA) to 10 COVID-19 vaccines (in chronological order): Pfizer–BioNTech, Oxford–AstraZeneca, Sinovac, Sputnik V, Janssen, Covaxin, Moderna, Sinopharm BIBP, Sputnik Light and Novavax.

    As of February 19, 2023, 166,423,405 total vaccine doses have been administered throughout the country, with 73,873,958 being fully vaccinated, 21,500,083 booster doses administered.

    Background and timeline

    President Duterte during a meeting with members of the IATF-EID at the Matina Enclaves in Davao City in June 2020

    The COVID-19 Immunization Program Management Organizational Structure was formed on October 26, 2020, to facilitate the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in the Philippines, however this was replaced by a vaccine cluster within the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID) by November 6, 2020. Carlito Galvez Jr. was appointed to lead the cluster[3] under the title of vaccine czar.[4] The Philippine National Vaccination Program and Implementation Plan was also approved by November 6, 2020.[3]

    Preparation

    Organizations involved

    The COVID-19 Immunization Program Management Organizational Structure was formed on October 26 with the intention of it overseeing the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines once these became available. However, by November 6, the vaccine body was abolished and replaced with a vaccine cluster within the National Task Force Against COVID-19 of the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID). The vaccine cluster is distinct from the national task force's COVID-19 response cluster.[5]

    The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on their part is the agency tasked to review and approve the use and commercial distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in the Philippines[6] as well as the issuance of an emergency use authorization for the same.

    Delivery plan

    President Duterte and Chinese Ambassador Huang Xilian (right) during arrival of the 600,000 doses of China-donated CoronaVac vaccines at the Villamor Air Base in Pasay City in February 2021

    The national government planned to roll out its vaccination program around February expecting the delivery of Pfizer's vaccines sourced from the COVAX facility and the first batch of Sinovac's vaccines, consisting of 50,000 doses.[7] The delivery of Pfizer's vaccines was delayed due to documentary issues.[8]

    The government planned to start a full rollout or mass vaccination for the general populace around late 2021.[9][needs update]

    Regulatory approval

    Under normal circumstances, drugs and vaccines are reviewed for approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under a period of six months. President Rodrigo Duterte to fast-track the government's medical response to the pandemic signed an executive order on December 2, 2020, which allowed the FDA to grant emergency-use authorization (EUA) to COVID-19 vaccines and treatments.[10] An EUA for a particular vaccine would authorize the government to buy said vaccine and allow to use the same for the vaccination program. An EUA would not authorize the commercial use of such vaccines or consent the use of the vaccine for personal use.[11]

    The EUA approval process by the FDA is covered under FDA Circular No. 2020-036.[12][13]

    An EUA granted for COVID-19 vaccine or drug remains valid if it fulfills three conditions:[13]

    • Based on the totality of evidence including data from adequate and well-known controlled trials, it is reasonable to believe that the drug or vaccine may be effective to prevent, diagnose or treat COVID-19.
    • The known and potential benefits of the drug or vaccine...outweigh the known and potential risks, if any.
    • There is no adequate, approved, and available alternative to the drug or vaccine.

    The EUAs validity ends one year from the lifting of the public health emergency status declared in response to the pandemic or one year from the date it was registered if a COVID-19 drug or vaccine gets fully registered with the FDA.[13]

    Among the conditions for a vaccine manufacturer to secure an EUA in the Philippines is to obtain prior EUA in its country of origin or other countries with a "mature" regulator.[14] No manufacturer would be allowed to obtain an EUA in the Philippines first. For the purpose of the FDA's EUA approval process, the following foreign regulators are considered as "mature":[13]

    Vaccine manufacturers applied for EUA

    The FDA announced that three vaccine manufacturers namely Pfizer–BioNTech, AstraZeneca, and Sinovac have inquired on the process of obtaining an EUA in the Philippines.[14]

    Rollout

    Dr. Gerardo Legaspi officially becomes the first recipient of a COVID-19 vaccine in the country on March 1, 2021
    Vaccination site in Caloocan

    The Philippines' vaccination officially began on March 1, 2021, shortly after the arrival of the first batch of vaccines from Sinovac. Prior to the official roll-out, a dry run was conducted to ensure that the vaccines, especially temperature-sensitive ones, would be rolled-out with minimal problems.[15]

    In February 2021, the Food and Drug Association recommended against the usage of Sinovac vaccines for health care workers due to its low efficacy rates in trials on health care workers in other countries. It has recommended its usage instead to the vaccine to the working population and military personnel.[16][17]

    The National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) on February 26 has approved the use of the Sinovac vaccine to health care workers.[18] Health care workers are still allowed to not take the vaccine and wait for a more effective vaccine.[19] Philippine General Hospital (PGH) employees demanded for a better vaccine and an increase with their hazard pays.[20]

    At a press conference, Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque stated that health care workers can refuse the Sinovac vaccine and wait for the vaccines from Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, and Oxford–AstraZeneca while still being prioritized but other prioritized groups shall only get what is available in their locality.[21]

    The rollout for the Philippines' national vaccine program began on March 1, 2021, shortly after the arrival of 600,000 doses of Sinovac's vaccine.[22] Philippine General Hospital director and doctor Gerardo Legaspi officially became the first recipient of a COVID-19 vaccine in the country.[23] The initial batch will cover around 50,000 military personnel and 250,000 health workers.[24] As of March 3, 2021, vaccinations has been limited to Metro Manila and to health workers.[25] However, select government officials were vaccinated in a bid to boost confidence on the vaccine.[26]

    On March 6, 2021, Oxford–AstraZeneca, under the COVAX facility, began the rollout. Health workers who refused Sinovac's vaccines were prioritized.[27][28]

    In May 2021, the rollout of vaccines from two manufacturers began. The rollout of the Sputnik V vaccines began on May 3 with five cities of Metro Manila; namely Makati, Manila, Taguig, Parañaque, and Muntinlupa.[29] The deployment of Pfizer started on May 12, beginning in two cities in Metro Manila (San Juan and Makati).[30] On June 30, 2021, the Moderna vaccine began its rollout in Metro Manila including San Juan.[31] On July 20, 2021, the Janssen vaccine began being rolled out in Tacloban.[32] On August 12, 2021, Vaccine Czar Carlito Galvez Jr. announced that recipients of the Sputnik V vaccine as their first dose can receive the AstraZeneca vaccine as their second dose provided that the shipment of Sputnik V is delayed due to logistical issues.[33]

    Vaccination of minors began in mid-October 2021. At that time, emergency use authorizations for the use of Moderna and Pfizer vaccines for minors (ages 12–15 for Pfizer; age 12-17 for Moderna) has been granted.[34]

    To hasten the immunization program, the government announced that it was holding "National Vaccination Days" on November 29 until December 1. November 29 and December 1 will be special working days.[35] Initially targeted to immunize 15 million people, it was reduced to 9 million due to logistics issues surrounding the syringes for Pfizer vaccines.[36]

    Issuance of vaccine certificates

    An International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines after being vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine in 2021.
    An International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines after being vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine in 2021.
    The VaxCERTPH COVID-19 Vaccination Certificate was issued by the Department of Health in the Philippines after receiving COVID-19 vaccination in 2021.
    The VaxCERTPH COVID-19 Vaccination Certificate was issued by the Department of Health in the Philippines after receiving COVID-19 vaccination in 2021.

    Upon being vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine, the local government unit (LGU) or recognized private healthcare providers issue a vaccine card that shall act as proof of vaccination. Later on, the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) in coordination and the Department of Health along with the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID) for a centralized registry for COVID-19 vaccinated residents under a common digital vaccine ID that shall feature a unique QR code.[37]

    Since September 6, 2021, the VaxCERTPH, the national digital COVID-19 vaccination certificate was launched to serve as the official COVID-19 vaccination certificate for international and domestic travel for fully vaccinated Philippine citizens and residents. The digital certificate is based on the international standards as prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO). Vaccination records for the VaxCERTPH certificate are based on the Vaccination Information Management System (VIMS), managed by the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) based on the uploads by the local government units in the Philippines. In 2022, the VaxCERTPH has since updated vaccination certificates that would include additional booster shots.[38]

    At the same time since July 2021, the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines has begun issuing a new format of the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) to fully vaccinated Philippine citizens and residents for international travel provided that the COVID-19 vaccine is listed under the Emergency Use Listing (EUL) by the World Health Organization (WHO).[39]

    Recognition of vaccination certificates

    On July 4, 2021, the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF) has permitted domestic travel within the Philippines for fully vaccinated individuals that have been vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine under the Emergency Use Listing (EUL) by the World Health Organization (WHO) or have been granted an emergency use authorization (EUA) or a compassionate special permit (CSP) issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).[40] The same rules applies for fully vaccinated international travelers from countries and territories deemed as "low-risk" and can receive a reduced quarantine period of seven days.[41]

    On October 8, 2021, the IATF introduced revised guidelines that fully vaccinated travelers from "low-risk" (green list) and "moderate-risk" (yellow list) jurisdictions can receive a reduced facility-based quarantine up to five days upon presentation of a national digital certificate issued by a foreign government with a reciprocal agreement with the Philippines.[42]

    On October 13, 2021, the IATF subsequently permitted the entry of fully vaccinated travelers from "low-risk" (green list) countries and jurisdictions to skip facility-based quarantine provided there is a presentation of negative RT-PCR test result within 72 hours before departure from their country. This policy was later to the presentation of a negative RT-PCR test result within 48 hours before departure from their country.[43][44]

    The Philippines presently recognizes the vaccination certificates issued by the following countries: Albania, Armenia, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Macau, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Myanmar, Monaco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Portugal, Qatar, Samoa, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Switzerland, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor–Leste, Tunisia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay, and Vietnam.[45][46][47][48][49][50]

    Booster shots

    The Health Technology Assessment Council (HTAC), the independent advisory council issued its recommendation for the administering of a third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine as a booster shot with a priority towards health care workers and other priority groups.[51]

    Booster shots were rolled for frontline healthcare workers on November 16, 2021.[52] Similarly, the IATF has approved the administration of booster shots for Overseas Filipino Workers who are set for deployment within four months provided their second dosage was taken six months prior.[53] Senior citizens and immunocompromised persons were rolled out on November 22, 2021. These groups can choose their preferred vaccine brand in comparison to their primary series.[54]

    On December 3, 2021, the Philippine Department of Health announces the expansion of the booster shot program stating all adults aged 18 years and above can receive additional booster shots at least six months from the primary series or three months after receiving the single-dose Janssen COVID-19 vaccine.[55]

    Due to the threat of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, the Department of Health announced on December 22, 2021, the shortening of the interval of the booster doses for all adults aged 18 years and above at three months from their primary series or two months after receiving the single-dose Janssen vaccine.[56]

    Vaccine supply

    Summary

    Summary of vaccine procurement, donation processing, and approval (by the national government)
    Vaccine Manufacturer Progress Doses ordered Doses arrived (including donations and from COVAX Facility) Sourced from donations
    (including pledges and from COVAX Facility)     		EUA Approval Full Approval Deployment
    Pfizer–BioNTech United StatesGermany Pfizer and BioNTech phase III clinical trials 40 million[57] 63,730,020 23,728,890 (COVAX)[58] January 14, 2021[59] No full authorization application submitted May 12, 2021[60]
    Oxford–AstraZeneca United KingdomSweden University of Oxford and AstraZeneca phase III clinical trials 17 million[57] 36,969,350 15,530,100 (COVAX)

    6,797,650 (donation)[58]

    		January 28, 2021[61] No full authorization application submitted March 6, 2021
    Sinovac Coronavac China Sinovac Biotech phase III clinical trials 45 million[62] 56,030,400 4,000,000 (donation)[63] February 22, 2021[64] No full authorization application submitted March 1, 2021
    Sputnik V Russia Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology phase III clinical trials 10 million[57] 10,000,000 15,000 March 19, 2021[65] No full authorization application submitted May 3, 2021[29]
    Covaxin India Bharat Biotech phase III clinical trials 8 million[66] – – April 19, 2021[c][69] No full authorization application submitted Pending
    Janssen United StatesBelgiumNetherlands Janssen phase III clinical trials 5 million (COVAX cost-sharing)

    6 million (under negotiations)[70]

    		12,725,650 12,725,650 (COVAX)[71] April 19, 2021[67] No full authorization application submitted July 20, 2021
    Moderna United States Moderna phase III clinical trials 20 million[57] 33,095,100 12,945,660 (COVAX)

    249,600[72]

    		May 5, 2021[73] No full authorization application submitted June 30, 2021[31]
    Sinopharm BIBP[74] China Sinopharm and Beijing Institute of Biological Products phase III clinical trials 10 million

    (under negotiations)

    [75]

    		1,100,000 1,100,000 (donation) June 7, 2021[76] No full authorization application submitted August 20, 2021[77]
    Sinopharm WIBP China Sinopharm and Wuhan Institute of Biological Products phase III clinical trials – – – August 19, 2021[78] No full authorization application submitted Pending
    Sputnik Light Russia Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology phase III clinical trials – 5,000 5,000 (donation) August 20, 2021[79] No full authorization application submitted November 2021
    Covovax IndiaUnited States Serum Institute of India and Novavax phase III clinical trials 10 million (under negotiations)[57] – – November 17, 2021[80] No full authorization application submitted Pending
    Corbevax India Biological E. Limited phase III clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending
    Arcturus United StatesSingapore Arcturus Therapeutics phase II clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending
    Clover China Clover Biopharmaceuticals phase III clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending
    EuBiologics[81] South Korea EuBiologics Co phase I/II clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending

    By acquisition

    Vaccines on order

    By the national government

    The Philippine government has been negotiating with various foreign vaccine manufacturers to secure the country's COVID-19 vaccine supply. These manufacturers include Sinovac Biotech (China), Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (Russia), Moderna (United States), and Pfizer (United States).[82][83] The private sector, with government sanction, has secured at least 2.6 million vaccine doses from British-Swedish manufacturer AstraZeneca.[84] The government also has secured 10 million doses from American firm Novavax which would be supplied from the Serum Institute of India.[57]

    The government plans to secure 171 million doses from at least seven firms by the end of 2021.[85] The procurement efforts of the national government have been a subject of various controversies.

    The national government through the Department of Foreign Affairs responding to the request of Germany and the United Kingdom to be exempted from the Philippines' prevailing cap on the deployment of nurses abroad in exchange for vaccines.[86] The United Kingdom declined the offer refusing to link the vaccines to negotiations on the deployment of Filipino health workers to their country.[87] The proposal was also opposed by labor group Migrante International.[88]

    The Philippine government is negotiating with four pharmaceutical firms for the supply of COVID-19 booster shots.[89]

    By local governments

    Local government units in the Philippines, from individual municipalities and cities and provinces has allocated part of their budgets to procure their own supply of COVID-19 vaccines.[90]

    Along with private companies, local governments had to procure vaccines through cooperation with the national government which led to some members of the Congress questioning urging the national government to allow local governments to procure vaccines unilaterally. However, the government pointed out that only national governments could directly procure vaccines through the World Health Organization's COVAX facility and that third-party private firms and local governments had to sign a tripartite deal with the national government and member vaccine manufacturer.[91]

    Vaccines sourced from donations

    The first vaccines acquired by the Philippine national government was from Sinovac. The first batch of Sinovac's vaccines consisting of 600,000 doses were received by the Philippines on February 28, 2021, with the country expected to receive a total of 26 million doses.[92] Vaccines sourced through the COVAX facility is also funded through donations by foreign countries.[93] The IATF-EID approved the Philippines' participation in COVAX on July 24, 2020.[94] The country is the recipient of vaccines from Pfizer–BioNTech and Oxford–AstraZeneca through the platform.[95]

    The Philippines also engaged in talks with Israel to obtain a possible donation of excess vaccines from the Middle Eastern country.[96]

    The Philippines has received 1,124,100 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine donations from Japan on July 8.[97]

    The Philippines has received about 3,239,400 Janssen COVID-19 vaccine donations from the United States on July 16–17 through COVAX.[98][99]

    The Philippines has received 415,040 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine doses donations from the United Kingdom on August 2.[100]

    The Philippines has received 3,000,060 Moderna COVID-19 vaccine donations from the United States on August 3 through COVAX.[101]

    The Philippines has received 100,000 doses of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine from the United Arab Emirates.[102]

    The Philippines has received a donation of about 1,000,000 doses of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine on August 20–21 from China.[103][104]

    The Philippines has expressed its intent to get some of Canada's COVID-19 vaccines.[105]

    Local production

    Five local firms are in negotiations with foreign organizations to set up vaccine manufacturing sites in the Philippines as of March 2021. The origin of these foreign organization include China, India, South Korea, Russia, and the United States.[106] South Korean firm EU Biologics has a partnership with Philippine vaccine distributor Glovax Biotech Corp. since 2012. The two companies plan to set-up their own vaccine production hub in Clark.[81] Other interested foreign parties include the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Russia and a university research unit based in the United States.[106]

    Philippine company United Laboratories launched a program known as "Vaccine Self Reliant Philippines" which includes plans to set up a vaccine manufacturing plant by 2023.[107]

    By vaccine

    Pfizer–BioNTech

    The delivery of Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines to the Philippines has been subject to delays.[108] Health Secretary Francisco Duque has been alleged to have "dropped the ball" on a Pfizer vaccine deal which could have secured 10 million doses by as early as January 2021.[82] On June 19, the Philippine government has signed an agreement for the procurement of 40 million doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.[109]

    The first batch of the Pfizer vaccine, consisting of 193,050 doses through the COVAX facility, arrived on May 10.[110] 2,279,160 additional doses arrived in the country from COVAX's facility on June 10.[111]

    The first batch of procured Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine, consisting of 562,770 doses, arrived on July 21.[112]

    Oxford–AstraZeneca

    A worker unloading the shipment from COVAX at Villamor Air Base in Pasay on March 4, 2021

    On January 14, the Philippines has secured 17 million doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines from British-Swedish pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical firm AstraZeneca.[113]

    A shipment of 487,200 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines under COVAX's facility arrived in the country on March 4, 2021.[114] An additional shipment of 38,400 doses arrived in the country on March 7, totalling a number of 525,600 doses from COVAX's facility.[115] 2 million additional doses arrived in the country from COVAX's facility on May 8.[116][117]

    The first batch of procured Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine, consisting of 1,150,800 doses, arrived on July 16.[118]

    Sinovac

    A Chinese military transport vehicle dropping off Sinovac's "CoronaVac" in Villamor Air Base in preparation for the mass vaccination in the Philippines

    Plans to secure 36 million doses from China's Sinovac have also been subjected to scrutiny in Congress due to its reported efficacy rate. The efficacy rate of the Sinovac vaccine has varied by country; Turkey has reported an efficacy rate of 91%[119] while Brazil has reported an efficacy rate of 78%.[120] The Department of Health said that Sinovac's vaccine satisfy the World Health Organization standards of at least 50 percent efficacy rate while the FDA pointed out that Sinovac is yet to publish an official and published scientific report on their vaccines efficacy rate and that the clinical trial for the vaccine is conducted in different countries and the efficacy rate per country will vary.[84][121][122] Following the approval for emergency use authorization on February 22, the first batch of Sinovac vaccines, consisting of 600,000 doses, from China's donation to the country arrived on February 28.

    The first batch of procured vaccines by the government reached the Philippines on March 29 came from Sinovac with previous received vaccines coming from donations.[123]

    On August 24, the government bought additional 10 million doses from Sinovac.[62]

    Sputnik V

    Russia commits to deliver the first doses of Gamaleya's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine to the Philippines around April 2021. The Philippines and Russia are also negotiating regarding a plan to set up a production facility for Sputnik V vaccines in the Philippines.[124] The first batch of Gamaleya's vaccine, consisting of 15,000 doses, arrived on May 1.[125][126]

    Janssen

    The first batch of Janssen COVID-19 vaccine under COVAX's facility from US donation, consisting of 1,606,600 doses, arrived on July 16, 2021.[127] An additional shipment of 1,632,800 doses arrived on July 17.[99]

    The procurement of Janssen COVID-19 vaccines are still under negotiations.

    Moderna

    In early March 2021, the Philippine government secured 20 million doses of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine through a tripartite agreement with Moderna and the private sector led by businessman Enrique Razon.[128] The first batch of Moderna's vaccine, consisting of 249,600 doses, arrived on June 27.[72] More shipments are expected in July and August 2021.[129]

    Sinopharm

    The first batch of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine under the brand name Hayat-Vax arrived on August 11, consisting of 100,000 doses, donated by the United Arab Emirates.[102] Another batch of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine arrived on August 20–21, consisting 1,000,000 doses, donated by China.[103][104]

    The procurement of the Sinopharm vaccines are still under negotiations.

    Sputnik Light

    The first batch of Sputnik Light COVID-19 vaccine arrived on November 19, consisting of 5,000 doses, donated by Russia.[130]

    Novavax

    On March 16, 2021, Philippine vaccine czar Carlito Galvez Jr. announced a purchase agreement for the Novavax vaccine of 30 million doses for the national vaccination program that shall be produced by the Serum Institute of India, being the first Southeast Asian country to procure the said vaccine.[131]

    Progress to date

    Vaccination (as of February 5, 2023)
    Doses administered 166,256,348
    +48,900
    Total population 109,035,343
    At least one dose Per 100 people Fully vaccinated Booster dose
    71,016,826 152.479

       

    		73,846,910 21,392,612

    By region

    Vaccines administered by region
    Region First Dose[d] Vaccinated Fully Vaccinated Percentage Booster Doses Total
    Metro Manila 12,942,855
    95.98%
    		 12,798,390
    94.91%
    		 5,372,666 30,073,365
    Cordillera Administrative Region 1,139,912
    63.41%
    		 1,252,994
    69.7%
    		 376,548 2,682,553
    Ilocos Region 3,669,482
    69.22%
    		 3,900,350
    73.58%
    		 1,492,868 8,345,074
    Cagayan Valley 2,576,249
    69.9%
    		 2,635,605
    71.51%
    		 874,502 5,647,989
    Central Luzon 8,196,165
    65.98%
    		 8,697,456
    70.02%
    		 2,817,537 19,226,650
    Calabarzon 10,165,009
    62.77%
    		 10,782,603
    66.58%
    		 3,338,120 23,376,796
    Mimaropa 1,594,687
    49.39%
    		 1,774,627
    54.97%
    		 227,770 3,498,483
    Bicol Region 3,447,527
    56.68%
    		 3,633,156
    59.73%
    		 660,727 7,343,888
    Western Visayas 4,715,736
    59.28%
    		 5,311,476
    66.77%
    		 972,635 10,692,263
    Central Visayas 4,684,805
    57.97%
    		 4,807,154
    59.48%
    		 968,771 10,187,195
    Eastern Visayas 2,829,960
    62.23%
    		 2,885,980
    63.47%
    		 553,070 5,909,671
    Zamboanga Peninsula 2,289,200
    59.07%
    		 2,373,310
    61.24%
    		 602,727 4,872,293
    Northern Mindanao 3,252,825
    64.76%
    		 3,286,899
    65.44%
    		 960,258 6,935,116
    Davao Region 3,325,610
    63.42%
    		 3,350,804
    63.9%
    		 692,260 7,027,089
    Soccsksargen 2,583,189
    59.23%
    		 2,598,514
    59.59%
    		 470,911 5,252,070
    Caraga 1,672,359
    59.63%
    		 1,768,021
    63.04%
    		 410,928 3,546,095
    Bangsamoro 1,850,124
    37.42%
    		 1,913,074
    38.69%
    		 448,727 3,393,232
    Total 71,016,826
    65.13%
    		 73,846,910
    67.73%
    		 21,392,812 166,256,348
    (Data as of February 5, 2023)[132]

    Vaccination priority groups

    The Philippine government released a priority groups list for the national vaccination program in February 2021 as approved by the Interim National Immunization Technical Advisory Group. The list include three main categorizations, with utmost priority provided for populations under "A" categorization.[133] As of February 2022, people under priority groups A1 to A5, the rest of adult population and minors (ages 5 to 17 years old) are being allowed to receive vaccination.[134][135][136]

    Vaccination priorities[137]
    Category Priority group
    A1 Frontline workers in health facilities both national and local, private and public, health professionals and non-professionals like students, nursing aides, janitors, barangay officials and health workers, and outbound Overseas Filipino Workers[138] (since May 27, 2021)
    A1.5 City and Municipal Mayors, BARMM Chief Minister, BARMM Wa'lī, and Provincial Governors (Pursuant to IATF Resolution #: 115B-2021)
    A2 Senior citizens aged 60 and above
    A3 Persons with comorbidities not otherwise included in the preceding categories
    A4 Frontline personnel in essential sectors including uniformed personnel and those in working sectors identified by the IATF as essential during ECQ; local executives[e] (since March 19, 2021), judiciary employees[139] (since April 5, 2021), Filipino seafarers[140] (since April 12, 2021) BPO employees and COMELEC employees[141] (since May 21, 2021) Olympic coaches, athletes, and delegates[142] (since May 22, 2021) private sector workers, government employees, informal sector workers, and self-employed[143] (since May 27, 2021), workers in the entertainment and media industry (since June 7, 2021)
    A5 Indigent population not otherwise included in the preceding categories, homeless population and beneficiaries of the government's Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P's).

    B1 Teachers, social workers
    B2 Other government workers
    B3 Other essential workers (e.g. grocery store workers, bank workers, retail workers, mall workers)
    B4 Socio-demographic groups at significantly higher risk other than senior citizens and indigent people (e.g. persons deprived of liberty, persons with disabilities, Filipinos living in high-density areas)
    B5 Overseas Filipino Workers
    B6 Other remaining workforce

    C Rest of the Filipino population not otherwise included in the above groups, including minors aged 5 to 17 years old.

    Changes and additions

    • March 19, 2021 – Local executives (provincial governors, city and municipal mayors, and barangay captains) are reclassified as essential workers or under the A4 category.[144]
    • March 29, 2021 – Specific comorbidities defined for category A3. People with the identify comorbidities are prioritized for vaccination over people with other comorbidities not specified.[145]
    • April 5, 2021 – Inclusion of judiciary employees under A4 category.[139]
    • April 12, 2021 – 13 Essential workers sub-groups under A4 category defined.[146] This include elevation of Filipino seafarers to A4 category from either B3 (other essential workers) or B5 (overseas Filipino workers) categories. Applies to both seafarers working domestically and those deployed overseas.[140]
    • May 21, 2021 – Front line employees in the BPO industry and in the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) added to the A4 category.[141]
    • May 22, 2021 – Olympic coaches, athletes, and delegates added to the A4 category.[142]
    • May 27, 2021 – Included in A1 Category are outbound Overseas Filipino Workers[138] and included in A4 category are private sector employees, government employees (including GOCCs and LGUs), and informal sector employees and self-employed individuals.[143]
    • June 7, 2021 – Workers in the entertainment industry particularly hosts, media practitioners, actors, and production crew were added to the A4 category.[147]
    • October 15, 2021 – Pediatric vaccination under A3 (12 to 17 years old with comorbidities).[148]
    • November 3, 2021 – Expansion of the pediatric vaccination to the general adolescent population under priority group C (12 to 17 years old without comorbidities).[149]
    • February 7, 2022 – Expansion of the pediatric vaccination to the general adolescent population under priority group C (5 to 11 years old).[150]

    Controversies

    Black market

    In January 2021, during the time when only the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine had an emergency use authorization, it was reported that an alleged black market of smuggled vaccines from China has established itself in the Philippines. The demand for the vaccines is particularly high for Chinese nationals in the country, especially those employed by Philippine Offshore Gaming Operators (POGOs). The doses are reportedly sold at inflated prices, considerably more expensive than the standard price of the same vaccines in China.[151]

    In late March 2021, the FDA released an advisory cautioning the public against fake vaccines and that vaccines which had emergency use authorization are not authorized to be sold commercially. Although as of that date, there are no reports yet of fake vaccines proliferating in the country as per the FDA.[152]

    Line jumping

    The DOH reported in March 2021 that a number of individuals had jumped the line to get the vaccine, becoming vaccinated despite being otherwise ineligible to do so.[153] These include several local government officials, prompting the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) to issue show cause orders against them to explain why they were vaccinated,[154] and actor Mark Anthony Fernandez, who was vaccinated despite not belonging to a priority group for the vaccine.[155] Fernandez, for his part, claimed that he had underlying health conditions that otherwise made him eligible.[156]

    The issue has raised the concerns of the Commission on Human Rights,[157] and has also led to the WHO warning the Philippine government that it risks losing access to its share of vaccines provided by COVAX if the practice continues.[158]

    A number of suggestions were floated to address line jumping, with Senator Franklin Drilon urging the government to ramp up the country's vaccine supply,[159] and Representative Precious Hipolito, who represents the second district of Quezon City, filing a bill that would amend the Philippines' COVID-19 vaccination law to criminalize the practice.[160]

    Vaccination of the Presidential Security Group and President Duterte

    This section is an excerpt from Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic § Military and PSG vaccination controversy.[edit]

    In 2020, members of the Presidential Security Group (PSG), Cabinet officials, a senator, and the Special Envoy for Public Diplomacy to China received vaccines without clearance from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the Department of Health (DOH).[161]

    Duterte said in December 2020 that some members of the military received COVID-19 vaccine from Chinese manufacturer Sinopharm despite the vaccine not yet officially approved by the country's health authorities.[162] A few days later, it was reported that some members of the PSG had also received vaccines from an unknown manufacturer.[163][164] Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana said that the vaccine used by the security group were smuggled.[165] Brig. Gen. Jesus Durante III said that members of the PSG were vaccinated as early as September 2020 and Duterte said that PSG personnel administered the vaccines themselves.[166] Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque urged the public to "just accept" that some soldiers have received COVID-19 vaccines.[167] On December 28, the Armed Forces of the Philippines said that the PSG members were the first ones to be vaccinated to "protect" Duterte.[168]

    On December 29, FDA Director General Enrique Domingo said that the DOH and the FDA were not consulted over the inoculation of soldiers and other government officials.[169] On December 30, Durante said that he will take "full responsibility" for the vaccine administered to the PSG.[164]

    In 2021, criminal investigations and hearings were ordered by the National Bureau of Investigation,[163] the FDA,[170] and the Philippine Senate over alleged irregularities with the vaccinations.

    On January 4, 2021, Duterte ordered the PSG to either not attend any congressional meeting regarding the unauthorized vaccination or stay quiet during such a hearing, contradicting the Presidential Spokesperson who said that the PSG will submit to any investigation.[171] On January 5, despite Duterte's threat of a potential "crisis" if senators questioned his military bodyguards, the Senate opened an investigation for the unauthorized use of COVID-19 vaccines.[172][173] On January 6, Senator Sherwin Gatchalian said he found nothing wrong with giving vaccines to PSG members since they were considered frontliners, though he acknowledged and took issue with the fact that the vaccines were brought into the country illegally.[174]
    Health Secretary Francisco Duque III administering the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine to President Rodrigo Duterte in May 2021

    On May 3, 2021, President Rodrigo Duterte received his first dose of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine despite the latter not receiving an EUA from FDA. The FDA only issued a one-time compassionate special permit (CSP) for 10,000 doses of the vaccine for the PSG.[175]

    But due to public outrage, President Duterte apologized for taking the vaccine that has not been authorized by the FDA for emergency use and asked the Chinese Embassy to take back its donation.[176]

    Non-recognition of vaccine certificates by Hong Kong

    Foreign Affairs Secretary Teodoro Locsin Jr. announced the Government of Hong Kong will not honor the proof of vaccination issued by local government units and the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines due to a lack of a central registry. This was after several Overseas Filipino Worker (OFWs) bound for the territory were reported to have been refused entry due to non-recognition of their vaccine certificates.[177][178]

    As an interim solution, the Department of Health confirmed that all outbound travelers would use the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) issued by the Bureau of Quarantine as an official proof of vaccination for international travel better known as the "yellow card".[177]

    On August 22, 2021, the Department of Labor and Employment announced that the Government of Hong Kong will permit the entry of fully vaccinated Filipino workers into the territory upon the presentation of the International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine (BOQ) beginning on August 30, 2021.[179]

    US disinformation campaign

    Main article: ChinaAngVirus disinformation campaign

    A Reuters investigation found that the United States Department of Defense (DoD) undertook a disinformation campaign in the Philippines from 2020 to 2021 which sought to discredit China, in particular its Sinovac vaccine.[180] The campaign reportedly aimed to counter "China’s COVID diplomacy and propaganda."[180] The campaign was overseen by Special Operations Command Pacific as well as the United States Central Command. Military personnel based in Tampa, Florida operated phony accounts on Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter), some of which were more than five years old according to Reuters. During the COVID-19 pandemic, they disseminated hashtags of #ChinaIsTheVirus and posts claiming that the Sinovac vaccine contained gelatin from pork and therefore was haram or forbidden for purposes of Islamic law. US diplomats aware of the campaign were against the idea, but they were overruled by the military, which also asked tech companies not to take down the content after it was discovered by Facebook and X. A retrospective review by the DoD subsequently uncovered other social and political messaging that was "many leagues away" from acceptable military objective. The primary defence contractor on the project was General Dynamics IT, which received $493 million for its role. The military-run accounts had tens of thousands of followers. It is currently unknown how many people might have been persuaded not to be vaccinated.[180]

    See also

    Notes


  2. A portmanteau of Tagalog words resbak (wrest back; to retaliate or to avenge) and bakuna (vaccine); literally, "to take retaliate [on COVID-19] with a vaccine"

  4. 71,049,364 of these have been administered with the first dose of a two-dose vaccine or a single-dose vaccine, while 73,873,958 have been fully vaccinated with a two-dose or a single-dose vaccine while 21,500,083 has received a booster doses.

  6. A "Conditional" EUA was granted on this date, with Bharat Biotech required to submit a Good Manufacturing Practice certification before distributing the vaccines.[67] A "Full" EUA was then granted on June 21.[68]

  8. For 2-dose vaccines.

    1. Local executives (governors, mayors, and barangay captains) were considered as frontline personnel

    References


  10. Punzalan, Jamaine (September 23, 2021). "19 million now fully vaccinated vs COVID-19 in Philippines, a fourth of gov't target". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on September 23, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.

  12. Parrocha, Azer (March 1, 2021). "PH kick-starts Covid-19 vaccination drive with CoronaVac". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021.

  14. "IATF approves the Philippine National Vaccination Program and Implementation Plan". ptvnews.ph. November 6, 2020. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  16. "VERA FILES FACT SHEET: The vaccine czar, explained". Vera Files. November 10, 2020. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  18. "IATF replaces DOH-led task force with COVID-19 vaccine cluster headed by Galvez". CNN Philippines. November 6, 2020. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  20. "Philippines warns of unapproved Covid-19 shots as soldiers get jabs". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  22. Aguilar, Krissy (January 12, 2021). "PH eyes rollout of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine via COVAX facility in Feb". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

  24. "'Impasse' on delivery of Pfizer vaccines cleared, as PH receives contract side letter — WHO". February 23, 2021. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.

  26. "Philippines may start mass vaccination in second quarter with limited doses". News5. March 1, 2021. Archived from the original on June 11, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.

  28. "Duterte allows FDA to issue emergency use authorization for COVID-19 vaccines, drugs". CNN Philippines. December 2, 2020. Archived from the original on December 9, 2020. Retrieved December 14, 2020.

  30. Ferreras, Vince (January 6, 2021). "AstraZeneca applies for COVID-19 vaccine emergency use in PH – FDA". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  32. "FDA Circular No. 2020-036: Guidelines on the Issuance of Emergency Use Authorization for Drugs and Vaccines for COVID-19". Food and Drug Administration of the Philippines. December 14, 2020. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  34. Tomacruz, Sofia (January 6, 2021). "How FDA grants emergency approval for COVID-19 vaccines, meds". Rappler. Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  36. "Three drugmakers eye vaccine emergency use in PH". CNN Philippines. December 15, 2020. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2020.

  38. Cinco, Maricar (February 10, 2021). "Vaccine delivery dry run goes well". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.

  40. Baclig, Cristina Eloisa (February 26, 2021). "EXPLAINER: Overworked, underpaid HCWs' woes on Sinovac vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

  42. "Sinovac vaccines to go to military, economic frontliners". Manila Bulletin. February 22, 2021. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

  44. Mercado, Neil Arwin (February 26, 2021). "Breaking: IATF OKs Sinovac use for healthcare workers — DOH". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved February 28, 2021.

  46. Sabillo, Kristine (February 26, 2021). "Advisory group OKs use of Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine for PH health workers". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

  48. "Protesting PGH workers demand 'best vaccine'". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

  50. "Only health care workers can refuse Sinovac vaccine without losing priority status – Roque". cnn. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved February 28, 2021.

  52. "Meet Dr. Gerardo Legaspi, the first to be officially vaccinated against COVID-19 in PH". ABS-CBN News. March 1, 2021. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.

  54. Tan, Lara (March 1, 2021). "State hospital PGH's director first to receive COVID-19 vaccine in PH". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.

  56. Parrocha, Azer (March 1, 2021). "PH kick-starts Covid-19 vaccination drive with CoronaVac". Philippine News Agency. Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.

  58. "Covid shots for health workers, not LGU execs". SunStar. March 4, 2021. Archived from the original on March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.

  60. "DOH to probe vaccination of non-health workers". SunStar. March 4, 2021. Archived from the original on March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.

  62. Aguilar, Krissy (March 5, 2021). "Saturday rollout of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine eyed". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.

  64. Cabalza, Dexter (March 7, 2021). "Senior health workers among first to get AstraZeneca shots". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.

  66. Robbie de Guzman (May 3, 2021). "First batch of Sputnik V vaccines to be given to five Metro Manila cities – DOH". UNTV NEWS & RESCUE. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 3, 2021.

  68. De Leon, Dwight (May 12, 2021). "Rollout of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines begins in the Philippines". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.

  70. De Leon, Dwight (June 30, 2021). "Rollout of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccines starts in the Philippines". Rappler.

  72. De Leon, Dwight (July 20, 2021). "PH begins rollout of J&J COVID-19 vaccines". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.

  74. "Experts approve Sputnik V-AstraZeneca vaccine mix amid delays – official". CNN Philippines. August 12, 2021. Archived from the original on August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.

  76. "PH vaccination drive enters new phase—children, minors". Philippine Daily Inquirer. October 19, 2021. Archived from the original on November 7, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2021.

  78. "National Vaccination Days on Nov. 29, Dec. 1 will be special working days — Nograles". Manila Bulletin. November 19, 2021. Archived from the original on December 1, 2021. Retrieved December 1, 2021.

  80. "Gov't revises target for National Vaccination Days, eyes 9M jabs instead of 15M". GMA News Online. November 27, 2021. Archived from the original on December 1, 2021. Retrieved December 1, 2021.

  82. Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (June 27, 2021). "DICT working on digital vaccination ID card". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on August 8, 2021. Retrieved August 8, 2021.

  84. Ranada, Pia (September 6, 2021). "Philippines' digital vaccine certificate system launches for OFWs, certain travelers". Rappler. Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.

  86. Grana, Rhia (August 11, 2021). "Traveling abroad after the lockdown? Here's how to get an International Vaccine Certificate". ANC-X. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.

  88. Talabong, Rambo (July 4, 2021). "Fully vaccinated? Here are rules for traveling within the Philippines". Rappler. Archived from the original on August 7, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.

  90. Aguilar, Krissy (July 30, 2021). "Philippines revises list of 'green countries' or low-COVID risk territories". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.

  92. "RESOLUTION NO. 142 Series of 2021, October 07, 2021" (PDF). Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases. October 8, 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 8, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021.

  94. Tantuco, Vernise (October 13, 2021). "No more facility-based quarantine for vaccinated foreigners, Filipinos from 'green' countries". Rappler. Archived from the original on October 13, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2021.

  96. "RESOLUTION NO. 157 Series of 2022, January 13, 2022" (PDF). Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases. January 13, 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 15, 2022. Retrieved January 13, 2022.

  98. "Arriving from abroad? What you need to validate your vaccination status". The Philippine Star. December 31, 2021. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 3, 2022.

  100. "PH to allow entry of fully vaxxed foreigners starting Feb. 16". Philippine News Agency. January 14, 2022. Archived from the original on January 22, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2022.

  102. "IATF OKs recognition of national COVID-19 vax certificate from 4 nations". The Philippine Daily Inquirer. February 10, 2022. Archived from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2022.

  104. "Vax certificates of Malaysia, Ireland now recognized in PH: IATF". Philippine News Agency. February 14, 2022. Archived from the original on February 18, 2022. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

  106. "Covid-19 VaxCertPH gets new security feature". Philippine News Agency. February 17, 2022.

  108. "PH recognizes vax certificates of 15 more countries". Philippine News Agency. February 17, 2022. Archived from the original on February 22, 2022. Retrieved February 22, 2022.

  110. "Philippines eyes vaccine 3rd doses, booster shots by November, December". ABS-CBN News. October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021.

  112. "Health workers may get booster shots against COVID-19 starting November 17". Rappler. November 16, 2021. Archived from the original on November 21, 2021. Retrieved November 21, 2021.

  114. "IATF okays COVID-19 booster priority for OFWs set for deployment". Rappler. November 21, 2021. Archived from the original on November 21, 2021. Retrieved November 21, 2021.

  116. "Philippines starts COVID-19 booster drive for seniors". Rappler. November 22, 2021. Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved November 25, 2021.

  118. "Philippines allows all adults to receive a COVID-19 booster shot". Rappler. December 3, 2021. Archived from the original on December 3, 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2021.

  120. "Philippines shortens gap between COVID-19 booster shot and last dose". Rappler. December 22, 2021. Archived from the original on December 23, 2021. Retrieved December 24, 2021.

  122. "Gov't secures 164M doses of Covid-19 vax for 2021". Philippine News Agency. June 22, 2021. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2021.

  124. Mejia, Martin (March 23, 2021). "Philippines: COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on March 24, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.

  126. "PH authorizes Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use". CNN Philippines. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.

  128. "Makati begins use of Pfizer COVID-19 jabs". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.

  130. Tomacruz, Sofia (January 28, 2021). "Philippines approves AstraZeneca vaccine for emergency use". Rappler. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021.

  132. "Philippines orders 10 million more Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine doses". ABS-CBN News. August 25, 2021. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.

  134. Parrocha, Azer (March 4, 2021). "China to donate add'l 400K Sinovac vaccine doses to PH". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 11, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.

  136. "Philippines approves Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use". Reuters. February 22, 2021. Archived from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

  138. "Philippines approves emergency use of Russia's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine". BusinessWorld. Archived from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.

  140. "30M doses of Novavax to arrive in PH in Sept, 8M do next month – PH envoy". The Filipino Times. April 26, 2021. Archived from the original on April 26, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2021.

  142. "Covaxin, Janssen approved for emergency use in PH". CNN Philippines. April 19, 2021. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2021.

  144. "Philippine FDA issues full EUA to Bharat Biotech's Covaxin". Manila Bulletin. June 23, 2021. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2021.

  146. "Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Whole Virion, Inactivated Corona Virus Vaccine Covaxin" (PDF). fda.gov.ph. Food and Drug Administration (Philippines). June 21, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.

  148. Aguilar, Krissy (October 4, 2021). "PH to purchase 6-M doses of one-shot J&J COVID-19 vaccine". INQUIRER.NET. Archived from the original on October 5, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.

  150. Dela Cruz, Raymond Carl. "PH gets first batch of US-donated 3.2M Janssen vax doses". www.pna.gov.ph. Archived from the original on July 17, 2021. Retrieved July 17, 2021.

  152. GARCIA, ANGELICA (June 27, 2021). "Almost 250K Moderna COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in Philippines". GMA News. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2021.

  154. Galvez, Daphne (May 5, 2021). "Moderna COVID-19 vaccine gets emergency use authorization". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.

  156. A further emergency use authorization was issued to Hayat-Vax, the licensed vaccine of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine manufactured by the United Arab Emirates on August 11, 2021.

  158. "China's Sinopharm ready to supply at least 10M vaccine vials to PH, waiting for gov't intent to procure". CNN Philippines. January 26, 2021. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2021.

  160. Aguilar, Krissy (June 7, 2021). "FDA approves emergency use of Hayat-Vax COVID-19 vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 7, 2021. Retrieved June 7, 2021.

  162. Rocamora, Joyce Ann L. (August 20, 2021). "Areas with rising cases to get donated Sinopharm vax". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on September 22, 2021. Retrieved September 22, 2021.

  164. De Vera, Analou (August 25, 2021). "FDA grants EUA to COVID-19 vaccine Sinopharm manufactured by Wuhan affiliate". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

  166. "Philippines grants emergency approval for Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine". Rappler. Archived from the original on August 23, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

  168. "Philippines approves emergency use of Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine". Reuters. November 17, 2021. Archived from the original on December 23, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.

  170. "Firm looks to build vaccine manufacturing plant in PH". ABS-CBN News. April 12, 2021. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.

  172. Ramos, Christia Marie (December 27, 2020). "Moderna 'accelerating huge shipment' of COVID-19 vaccines to PH – Locsin". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.

  174. "Galvez: Bulk of COVID-19 vaccines for PH will come from US drug maker Novavax". Manila Bulletin. January 11, 2021. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.

  176. Aurelio, Julie; Salaverria, Leila (December 27, 2020). "DOH: 50% vaccine efficacy is OK". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 26, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.

  178. CASILAO, JOAHNA LEI (July 24, 2021). "Philippines to get 171 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021 –DOF". GMA News. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2021.

  180. Patinio, Ferdinand (February 23, 2021). "PH asks UK, Germany to provide vaccines for OFWs". Philippine News Agency. Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.

  182. Morales, Neil Jerome (February 24, 2021). "Philippines offers nurses in exchange for vaccines from Britain, Germany". Reuters. Archived from the original on August 16, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.

  184. Valentin, Crissy (February 24, 2021). "OFW group slams nurse deployment-for-vaccine proposition to UK, Germany". BusinessWorld. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.

  186. Cabico, Gaea Katreena (September 2, 2021). "Philippines in talks with 4 vaccine makers for booster deals". philstar. Archived from the original on September 3, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2021.

  188. "LIST: Local governments rolling out plans for free COVID-19 vaccines". Rappler. January 4, 2021. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  190. Salaverria, Leila (January 13, 2021). "No national government 'monopoly' in COVID-19 vaccine procurement – Palace". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

  192. "Philippines receives first batch of COVID-19 vaccine donated by China". Nikkei Asia. February 28, 2021. Archived from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  194. Gonzales, Cathrine (March 4, 2021). "AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccines from Covax donated by European countries – DOH". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  196. Esguerra, Darryl John (July 24, 2020). "Philippines joins COVID-19 vaccine global access facility". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 25, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  198. "The Covax Facility: Interim Distribution Forecast – latest as of 3 February 2021" (PDF). COVAX. February 3, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 18, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  200. "PH in talks with Israel for possible COVID-19 vaccine donation". CNN Philippines. March 18, 2021. Archived from the original on March 20, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  202. "Philippines receives Japan's donation of 1.1 million AstraZeneca doses". GMA News. July 8, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2021.

  204. "Philippines gets first 1.6 million doses of Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 jab". INQUIRER.net. July 16, 2021. Archived from the original on July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.

  206. "2nd batch of 1.6M Janssen vaccine doses arrive at NAIA". INQUIRER.net. July 17, 2021. Archived from the original on July 17, 2021. Retrieved July 17, 2021.

  208. "Philippines receives over 415k doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine from UK". GMA News. August 2, 2021. Archived from the original on August 3, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2021.

  210. "Duterte receives US donation of 3 million doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccines". GMA News. August 3, 2021. Archived from the original on August 3, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2021.

  212. Tomacruz, Sofia (August 11, 2021). "UAE gives 100,000 Sinopharm vaccine doses to Philippines". Rappler. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.

  214. "China donates Sinopharm vaccine doses to Philippines". Rappler. August 20, 2021. Archived from the original on August 20, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.

  216. "1M Sinovac and 260,800 Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in the Philippines". GMA News. August 21, 2021. Archived from the original on August 25, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.

  218. Punzalan, Jamaine (June 28, 2021). "Philippines eyes getting some of Canada's excess COVID-19 vaccines: envoy". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.

  220. Campos, Othel (March 28, 2021). "Local firms seek technologies for making vaccine". Manila Standard. Retrieved April 17, 2021.

  222. Cahiles-Magkilat, Bernie (April 16, 2021). "Unilab confirmed for COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.

  224. "Philippines may get Pfizer COVID-19 shots in 'couple of weeks': envoy". ABS-CBN News. March 5, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.

  226. Calayag, Keith (June 20, 2021). "PH to procure 40M Pfizer doses". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.

  228. "193K Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in Philippines". GMA News. May 10, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.

  230. Manahan, Job (June 10, 2021). "Almost 2.28 million of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in PH". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on June 20, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2021.

  232. "Over 500K doses of Pfizer vaccine delivered in PH". Manila Bulletin. July 21, 2021. Archived from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.

  234. Crismundo, Kris (January 14, 2021). "PH signs deal with AstraZeneca for 17M doses of Covid-19 vaccine". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.

  236. "487,200 doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines from COVAX Facility arrive in PH". ABS-CBN News. March 4, 2021. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2021.

  238. "38,400 more doses of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine to arrive Sunday – Galvez". ABS-CBN News. March 6, 2021. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2021.

  240. "2M AstraZeneca COVID vaccine doses arrive in Philippines". GMA News Online. May 8, 2021. Archived from the original on May 8, 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.

  242. "2 million AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines arrive in PH through COVAX". ABS-CBN News. May 8, 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.

  244. "Philippines receives 1.15M more doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine". GMA News. July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.

  246. "Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine has 91% efficacy, Turkey says". Nikkei Asia. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.

  248. "Sinovac Shot Shown 78% Effective in Brazil After Data Confusion". Bloomberg.com. January 7, 2021. Archived from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2021.

  250. "Lacson: Philippines might have to settle for Sinovac after Duterte's threat vs. US on terminating VFA". GMA News. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2021.

  252. "FDA chief: Scientific publication on Sinovac's efficacy yet to be released". GMA News. Archived from the original on December 30, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2021.

  254. "First batch of purchased COVID-19 vaccines reach PH". CNN Philippines. March 29, 2021. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 29, 2021.

  256. "PH seen as Asia hub for Sputnik V vaccine –". Asian Journal News. March 27, 2021. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  258. Parrocha, Azer (April 29, 2021). "Lack of direct flights delays Sputnik vax delivery". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on April 29, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2021.

  260. "Philippines receives first batch of Russia's Sputnik V vaccines | The Star". The Star. Star Media Group Berhad. May 1, 2021. Archived from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.

  262. "US-donated 1.6 million Johnson and Johnson COVID-19 jabs arrive in PH". ABS-CBN News. July 16, 2021. Archived from the original on July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.

  264. Deiparine, Christian (March 7, 2021). "Philippines reaches supply deal with Moderna for 13 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.

  266. Ramos, Christia Marie (June 21, 2021). "Around 300K Moderna vaccine doses to arrive June 27, 'bigger shipments' by July, August — envoy". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on June 21, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2021.

  268. "PH receives 1st batch of Russia's one-shot Sputnik Light vax". Philippine News Agency. November 19, 2021. Archived from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2021.

  270. "PH secures 30M Novavax doses". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.

  272. "COVID-19 Vaccination Dashboard". Department of Health (Philippines). August 15, 2022. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 16, 2022.

  274. Aguilar, Krissy (February 5, 2021). "LIST: Priority groups for government's Covid-19 vaccination program". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on April 5, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

  276. "Government rolls out A4 vaccination today". The Philippine Star. June 7, 2021. Archived from the original on June 6, 2021. Retrieved June 7, 2021.

  278. "Philippines begins COVID-19 vaccination of adult general population". Rappler. October 12, 2021. Archived from the original on October 17, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.

  280. "Philippines begins COVID-19 vaccination of children aged 5 to 11". Rappler. February 7, 2022. Archived from the original on February 17, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2022.

  282. "Who will be vaccinated first?". Government of the Philippines. March 18, 2021. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

  284. Punzalan, Jamaine (May 28, 2021). "Outbound OFWs now part of top COVID-19 vaccination priority: task force". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2021.

  286. "Judiciary workers move up jab list". Manila Standard. April 6, 2021. Archived from the original on April 6, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

  288. "Filipino seafarers elevated in COVID-19 vaccination priority list – DOTr". ABS-CBN News. April 12, 2021. Archived from the original on April 12, 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2021.

  290. Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (May 21, 2021). "Poll personnel, BPO workers now part of A4 vax priority group". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2021.

  292. Villar, Joey (May 25, 2021). "Olympic, SEAG athletes to get vaccinated Friday". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2021.

  294. Punzalan, Jamaine (May 28, 2021). "Private sector, gov't workers: COVID-19 task force 'simplifies' A4 vaccination priority group". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2021.

  296. "Local chief execs move up in COVID-19 vaccine priority list". CNN Philippines. March 20, 2021. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

  298. Cabico, Gaea Katreena (March 29, 2021). "DOH identifies comorbidities to be prioritized for COVID-19 inoculation". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

  300. "Over a million already vaccinated, next in line for jabs bared". Manila Standard. April 13, 2021. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2021.

  302. "MMDA: 120 entertainment industry workers so far get COVID-19 vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. June 14, 2021. Archived from the original on October 21, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2021.

  304. "PH to start COVID-19 vaccination on minors in select NCR hospitals". Manila Bulletin. October 3, 2021. Archived from the original on October 18, 2021. Retrieved October 18, 2021.

  306. "Philippines to start nationwide vaccination of minors on Nov 3". ABS-CBN News. October 27, 2021. Archived from the original on October 30, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.

  308. "Philippines begins COVID-19 vaccination of children aged 5 to 11". Rappler. February 7, 2022. Archived from the original on February 17, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2022.

  310. Mendiola, Ritchel (January 20, 2021). "Report: Black market for illegal COVID vaccines emerges in PH —". Asian Journal News. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.

  312. Gonzales, Cathrine (March 30, 2021). "How to spot fake COVID-19 vaccines". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 30, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.

  314. Gonzales, Cathrine (March 22, 2021). "Non-frontliners jumping COVID-19 vaccination queue – DOH official". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 25, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  316. Hallare, Katrina (March 31, 2021). "DILG issues show-cause orders vs 13 local execs for jumping vaccination queue". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  318. Punzalan, Jamaine (March 25, 2021). "DILG to issue show cause order vs Parañaque mayor over actor's COVID-19 vaccination". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  320. Gulla, Vivienne (March 25, 2021). "Actor Mark Anthony Fernandez says 'no violation' in getting early COVID-19 vaccine". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  322. Ramos, Christia Marie (March 22, 2021). "CHR raises concern over reports of non-frontliners jumping vax line". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 25, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  324. Esguerra, Anthony (March 25, 2021). "Vaccine Line-Jumping in the Philippines Is Getting So Bad That WHO Might Punish the Country for It". Vice News. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  326. Mercado, Neil Arwin (March 26, 2021). "Amid line-jumpers, Drilon says gov't should ramp up vaccine supply". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  328. Aurelio, Julie M. (March 28, 2021). "Lawmaker wants those mishandling vaccines, jumping the line penalized". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.

  330. Ranada, Pia (February 24, 2021). "Mon Tulfo: Nothing wrong with Duterte asking for Sinopharm vaccines". Rappler. Retrieved April 8, 2021.

  332. "Duterte claims many in PH have received Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine". Manila Bulletin. December 27, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.

  334. "Vaccination probe: NBI counting on PSG chief's cooperation". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 3, 2021.

  336. "PSG chief: 'I take full responsibility' for unregistered vaccine use". Rappler. Retrieved January 3, 2021.

  338. "COVID-19 vaccines used by PSG were 'smuggled', says defense chief". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  340. "Presidential Security Group got coronavirus vaccines in September, says chief". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  342. "Palace tells public: Just accept that some soldiers were vaccinated vs COVID-19". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  344. "AFP: PSG members got vaccinated first to 'protect' Duterte from COVID-19". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on January 1, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2021.

  346. "DOH, FDA not consulted on early vaccination of soldiers, officials". Rappler. Retrieved January 24, 2021.

  348. "Special envoy to China Mon Tulfo facing probe for illegal use of Sinopharm vaccines". CNN. February 24, 2021. Archived from the original on April 29, 2021. Retrieved April 8, 2021.

  350. "Duterte bars PSG from baring info on unauthorized vaccine before Congress". Rappler. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  352. "Senate probe into COVID-19 vaccines still on despite Duterte threat". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  354. "While Duterte threatens 'crisis,' Senate vows to probe gov't vaccination program". Rappler. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  356. "Gatchalian says nothing wrong giving vaccines to PSG: They are frontliners". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

  358. Aguilar, Krissy (May 3, 2021). "Duterte receives China's Sinopharm vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 4, 2021. Retrieved May 4, 2021.

  360. "Duterte receives China's Sinopharm vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. May 6, 2021. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.

  362. Santos, Tina G.; Chiu, Patricia Denise M. (August 12, 2021). "Stopgap eyed as PH still lacks unified COVID-19 vaccination cards". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 14, 2021. Retrieved August 14, 2021.

  364. "Hong Kong won't honor PH vaccination cards, but govt agency fixing documents". CNN Philippines. August 11, 2021. Archived from the original on August 13, 2021. Retrieved August 14, 2021.

  366. "Hong Kong to allow entry of vaccinated OFWs next week — DOLE". CNN Philippines. August 22, 2021. Archived from the original on August 22, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

    368. Bing, Chris; Schechtman, Joel (June 14, 2024). "Pentagon Ran Secret Anti-Vax Campaign to Undermine China during Pandemic". Reuters.
at Nessun commento:
Labels: , , , , , , , , , , , ,

THE PHILIPPINES CONGRESS AND SENATE ARE PLAYING AS IF THEY DID NO WRONG DURING THE MILITARIZATION OF THE RESPONSE TO COVID: THE "no vaccination, no ride" policy came from their center. THEY ARE EXACTLY AS CULPABLE AND LIABLE FOR CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND TREASON LIKE THE DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION AND THE PHILIPPINES SUPREME COURT. NEVER FORGET, NEVER FORGIVE.

How the Philippine capital's 'no vaccination, no ride' public transit rule is going

By Ashley Westerman
Published January 20, 2022 at 4:19 PM EST

AILSA CHANG, HOST:

The Philippines is cracking down on people who aren't vaccinated against COVID-19. Earlier this month, President Rodrigo Duterte threatened to incarcerate anyone unvaccinated. And just this week, a new no-vaccination, no-ride rule for public transportation went into effect in a sprawling national capital region. Reporter Ashley Westerman has more from Manila.

ASHLEY WESTERMAN, BYLINE: One of the busiest places during rush hour in Manila is the Araneta Center-Cubao station. Hundreds of people buy tickets...

(SOUNDBITE OF MACHINERY POPPING)

WESTERMAN: ...Tap through the gates...

(SOUNDBITE OF BEEP)

WESTERMAN: ...Get on trains.

(SOUNDBITE OF TRAIN HUMMING)

WESTERMAN: But starting Monday, there was an additional step. Show your vaccination card and a valid ID to the guard at the entrance. Commuter Ronilo Valdes (ph) says he likes the new rule that requires all riders to show proof of vaccination before boarding any train, bus, trike or jeepney in this megalopolis of over 13 million people.

RONILO VALDES: And they've complied, and others should comply. Anyway, vaccinations are free.

WESTERMAN: And does it make you feel safe?

VALDES: Yes, I feel safe.

WESTERMAN: Christopher Pandan (ph) says while he also likes the new rule, he feels bad for those who aren't vaccinated and can't get a ride.

CHRISTOPHER PANDAN: (Through interpreter) It's a matter of choice because it is our own body and we have our own views and opinions.

WESTERMAN: The original policy required riders to show proof of full vaccination to get a public ride. However, after a wave of criticism, the Department of Transportation issued new guidance just a day after it went into effect. It allowed partially or unvaccinated individuals to take public transportation if they were going to work.

IRA CRUZ: The already unrealistic enforcement just got this much more complicated.

WESTERMAN: Ira Cruz is with the advocacy group AltMobility PH. He says 88% of households in metro Manila do not own private cars, meaning the only way for most people to get to work is by using the city's unreliable public transportation.

CRUZ: These are our frontliners. These are people that don't have options to work from home, which is severely discriminatory.

WESTERMAN: Meanwhile, enforcement of the policy lands on the shoulders of the vehicle operators. If they let someone ride who isn't vaccinated or doesn't have a work exemption, they could be fined.

CRUZ: The government seems to be passing on the responsibility of covering for the shortcomings of a vaccination campaign.

WESTERMAN: Even though over 50% of Filipinos are vaccinated, the Philippine government still failed to meet its 2021 goal for jabs. NPR's requests for comment from the Department of Transportation went unanswered. The no-vax, no-ride rule is not the only policy being used to ramp up pressure on the unvaccinated. Also this week, the government asked neighborhood officials to begin compiling a list of all unvaccinated residents. Roberto Cadiz with the Philippine Human Rights Commission says that is unnecessary and dangerous.

ROBERTO CADIZ: But what will prevent them from using this information for other purposes that they will not engage in other extreme measures?

WESTERMAN: Just the threat of these lists stokes fear in human rights activists, who are quick to point out that the thousands of people killed in President Duterte's yearslong war on drugs were also on a list somewhere. Cadiz says the commission understands that the pandemic is an emergency and that it is the government's duty to protect the health of citizens. But...

CADIZ: They should be respectful of the human dignity because even if they are not vaccinated, they still have human dignity.

WESTERMAN: For NPR News, I'm Ashley Westerman in Manila.

(SOUNDBITE OF MANANA SONG, "FAST DAYS") Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.



    • at Nessun commento:
    Labels: , , , , , , , , , , , ,

    THE WHOLE DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION, THE IATF AND EVEN THE PHILIPPINES SUPREME COURT ARE CULPABLE OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY FOR THE MILITARIZED RESPONSE TO "COVID": THEY ARE TALKING ONLY OF THE DRUG WAR TO DISTRACT FROM THE REAL LIABILITIES AND FROM THE REAL CULPABLES

     

    Rodrigo Duterte is liable for crimes against humanity over drug war killings — House leaders

    Dominique Nicole Flores - Philstar.com
    October 29, 2024 | 5:35pm
    Rodrigo Duterte is liable for crimes against humanity over drug war killings � House leaders
    Former President Rodrigo Duterte attends the Senate hearing into his war on drugs campaign on Oct. 28, 2024.
    The Philippine STAR / Jesse Bustos

    MANILA, Philippines — Former President Rodrigo Duterte's admission of “shortcomings” in his war on drugs further underscores his liability for crimes against humanity, a House leader said on Tuesday, October 29.

    House Committee on Human Rights Chairperson Rep. Bienvenido Abante (Manila, 6th District) argued that the drug war “meets all the elements of willful killing,” citing Republic Act 9851 or the Philippine Act on Crimes Against International Humanitarian Law, Genocide, and Other Crimes Against Humanity.

    “This admission is significant as it highlights that cases are now right for filing against those responsible for the extrajudicial killings during the drug war,” he said at a press conference. 

    This was also in reference to former Sen. Leila de Lima's recent statement at the House Quad Committee’s ninth public hearing, where also argued that Duterte could face penalties under this law.

    It can be recalled that the former president owned up to the consequences of his drug war campaign during the Senate Blue Ribbon Committee’s first hearing on the issue. 

    Duterte himself said that he should be the one “held accountable and detained” instead of the police who “only followed his orders.” 

    However, despite this explicit statement, the former president backtracked in his answers to senators’ questions that he is not responsible for the likes of 17-year-old Kian delos Santos who was shot by police during anti-drug operations in 2017.

    RELATED: Duterte claims responsibility for drug war but offers no apologies

    How is Duterte liable?

    Abante outlined four factors that qualify the former president’s drug war as a crime against humanity, beginning with extrajudicial killings that human rights groups estimate have claimed up to 30,000 lives.

    Second, he said that most victims were civilians “suspected by police authorities of involvement in drug-related activities” who were denied due process to defend themselves against the allegations.

    This led Abante to his third point: testimony from several resource persons, many of whom were Duterte appointees, indicated that the killings occurred as part of a “widespread, systematic attack” nationwide.

    Lastly, the human rights committee chairperson said that the EJKs were “executed under a state, organizational policy” which Duterte himself coined as the war on drugs. He added that a possible reward system for police officers who killed drug suspects could be another contributing factor.

    “This must be recognized as evidence for all present and future cases on the war on drugs,” Abante said.  

    Section 8 of Republic Act 9851 identifies who may be held liable for crimes against humanity, including individuals who commit the crime, order or encourage its commission or attempted commission, or act as accomplices.

    Meanwhile, Section 10 stipulates that superiors are “criminally responsible as principals for crimes committed by their subordinates” under their effective command and control. 

    This responsibility arises from either direct command or a failure to prevent the crime, especially if they knew or should have known about it and did not take the necessary measures to stop it.

    Rep. Dan Fernandez (Santa Rosa, Lone District), who chairs the House Committee on Public Order and Safety, also cited Section 15 of the same law. 

    This provision states that Philippine courts, in cases of crimes against humanity, “shall be guided by” international law, conventions and judicial decisions of international courts and tribunals.   

    Asked whether Duterte should be prosecuted under RA 9851, Fernandez said, “I think it’s only proper that the existing law be followed and that we let the wheels of justice prevail.”

    House lawmakers also made it clear that Duterte is not only liable for the EJKs in his drug war but also for institutionalizing violence during his presidency.

    ‘Normalization of brutality’

    Abante did not mince words when he told reporters that Duterte’s remarks at the Senate hearing on Monday, October 28, exhibited a “normalization of brutality.”

    “What we witnessed during the former president’s testimony was a shocking normalization of brutality, a normalization of death and a disregard for due process that has infected our legal institutions,” he said.

    Abante said the former president’s “nonchalant attitude” toward life is also rooted in the thousands of EJK under his watch. 

    “His casual language, his swearing in formal proceedings mirrors the erosion of his standards in his administration where the value of life itself was cast aside,” he added. 

    The lawmaker could not help but say that Duterte’s words and actions carried with them a “disregard for human life” as victims were deprived of the safeguards and due process they should have been given as mere suspects in the illegal drug trade.  

    Laughter and applause filled the Senate as Duterte spoke at the hearing yesterday — a reaction that, for Abante, reflected the social norms the former president had established.

    While Duterte’s foul and explicit words have often been downplayed as jokes, Fernandez said that the lower chamber will not tolerate this should the former president attend the Quad Comm hearings. 

    “If the former president curses in the Senate and we allow it here, what’s to stop others from making those kinds of statements as well?” he said in a mix of English and Filipino.

    Duterte also “gaslighted” the nation and attempted to “rewrite history” by justifying the killings with the belief that “there will be one less criminal,” Abante said.

    “This was not a hearing in the service of truth, it was a forum for denial for him to rationalize the indefensible,” he added.

    The former president has yet to make an appearance at the House probe into his war on drugs, which was the first to invite him before the Senate. Duterte was absent on October 22 as he was feeling unwell, according to his legal counsel. 

    Among the allegations against Duterte include implementing the “Davao Model” nationwide — a reward system for killing drug suspects — and directing police officers to carry out killings of alleged drug lords on his orders.

    at Nessun commento:
    Labels: , , , , , , , , , , , ,

    THE FAKE HEARINGS OF THE DUTERTES (BOTH SARA AND THE OLD MAN) ARE A PREVENTIVE MANEUVRE TO SETTLE MARCOS A SOLE POWER HOLDER AND TO PREVENT ICC TO PUT ITS NOSE INSIDE THE PHILIPPINES AFFAIRS OF THESE PSYCHOPATHS: THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE MILITARIZED HANDLING OF COVID IS BEING HIDDEN UNDER THE CARPET. STILL THE DOH SECRETARY HIDES SAFELY IN THE DEPARTMENT. BUT NOT FOR LONG: IF TRUMP WILL BECOME PRESIDENT ALL OF THEM WILL BE SWEPT OUT BY THE NEW ADMINISTRATION, NOT BY THE ICC PAPER TIGER.

     

    Chiz Escudero on Duterte’s Order To PNP: “A civilized society does not operate that way”

    by in Categories News

    Senate Pres. Chiz Escudero Reacts to the Claim of Ex-Pres. Duterte over his Order to Cops

    CHIZ ESCUDERO – The Senate President gave a short comment on the statement of former President Rodrigo Duterte during the Senate hearing over the war on drugs.

    Recently, the much-awaited appearance of former Pres. Duterte in a hearing over his administration’s anti-drugs campaign happened. Prior to it, it was Senator Bato dela Rosa who confirmed that Duterte will be attending the Senate hearing on the war on drugs.

    ADVERTISEMENT
    Rodrigo Roa Duterte

    Dela Rosa was also the first to express his desire to launch a probe over the controversial campaign of the Duterte admin. However, his statement met countless criticisms considering that he is also one of the accused in the case.

    The Senator was the chief of the Philippine National Police (PNP) during the term of Duterte. The PNP played a big role in the implementation of the government’s campaign.

    bato dela rosa

    Prior to the inquiry, Sen. Bato dela Rosa claimed he has no regrets in joining the drug war of former Pres. Rodrigo Duterte. He even expressed that he will do it again in the same approach given the chance. He stressed that the fight cannot be fought without force.

    At the hearing, Duterte made some revelations and claims that hooked the public attention. The former President claimed that he allegedly ordered the cops to “encourage” the criminals to fight back during drug operations giving the police reasons to make a move.

    Based on a report on GMA News, the former Chief Executive claimed that he gave the orders to former PNP chiefs Archie Gamboa, Bato dela Rosa, and Vicente Danao. The claim of the former President did not sit well with a lot of people and gained different reactions.

    Chiz Escudero
    Photo Source: Bombo Radyo Bacolod

    Based on the report, as for Senate Pres. Chiz Escudero on the order of former Pres. Duterte to the cops, he expressed that “a civilized society does not operate that way”. According to the Senate President, he believes that “we are a civilized society”.

    At the Senate hearing, former Pres. Rodrigo Duterte said he is taking a “full legal responsibility” of his war on drugs. He believes that it is him alone who should be punished as the police officers were only doing his orders.

    Tags , , , , , ,
    at Nessun commento:
    Labels: , , , , , , , , , , , ,
    Iscriviti a: Post (Atom)

    Lettera aperta al signor Luigi di Maio, deputato del Popolo Italiano

    ZZZ, 04.07.2020 C.A. deputato Luigi di Maio sia nella sua funzione di deputato sia nella sua funzione di ministro degli esteri ...