CDC's new masking guidance prompted by science that emerged in just the last several days, Walensky says
(CNN)The CDC's decision to change its mask guidance this week was prompted by scientists' determination -- only days old -- that vaccinated people with breakthrough Delta coronavirus variant infections can pass the virus to others, the center's director said Wednesday.
Dr.
Rochelle Walensky said such breakthrough infections are rare, and
stressed that Covid-19 vaccines generally prevent hospitalizations and
deaths even if vaccinated people are infected.
But
"with prior variants, when (vaccinated) people had these rare
breakthrough infections, we didn't see the capacity of them to spread
the virus to others," Walensky, the US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention's director, told CNN's "New Day."
Now, outbreak investigations conducted in the last couple weeks showed vaccinated people who happen to contract the highly contagious Delta variant "can actually now pass it to somebody else," Walensky said Wednesday.
That realization came only "in the last several days," and more information will be published in the coming days, she said.
Walensky had told reporters Tuesday
that for Delta variant infections of vaccinated people, the amount of
virus found in them was "pretty similar to the amount of virus in
unvaccinated people.
Still, she said the "vast majority" of transmission is through unvaccinated people.
The CDC updated its mask guidance Tuesday to recommend fully vaccinated people wear masks indoors in parts of the country with "substantial" or "high" transmission of Covid-19.
The CDC also recommended that everyone in and around K-12 schools wear masks, even if they are fully vaccinated.
As the Delta variant recently increased its prominence in the US, and with the CDC saying only 49.3% of the US population had been fully vaccinated as of Tuesday, coronavirus case rates have jumped.
The
US averaged more than 61,300 new daily cases over the last week -- an
average that's generally risen since the country hit a 2021 low of
11,299 daily on June 22, according to Johns Hopkins University data.
As
of Wednesday, cases have risen in all but one state in the past seven
days compared to the week before, according to Johns Hopkins.
US
Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy said the US is seeing just how
dangerous the variant is. "This is actually what you want to happen with
science. You want science to be dynamic, you want recommendations to
reflect the latest science, and that's what you see in the
recommendations that were issued today," Murthy told CNN's Wolf Blitzer
on Tuesday.
Almost three-quarters of US residents live in counties where indoor masking is recommended for everyone
More than 71% of the US population -- about 237 million people -- live in counties considered to have "substantial" or "high" Covid-19 transmission, according to a CNN analysis of data published Wednesday by the CDC.
About 48% are in "high" transmission counties, and 23% are in counties with "substantial" transmission.
This is up from a week ago, when 50.5% of Americans lived in such counties.
Only 1% of the population lives in areas with "low" transmission.
The
CDC considers a county to have "high" transmission if there have been
100 or more cases of Covid-19 per 100,000 residents in the past week, or
a test positivity rate of 10% or higher during the same time frame.
For "low" transmission, those numbers must be fewer than 10 new cases per 100,000 or a test positivity rate under 5%.
Vaccinated people don't yet need a booster, surgeon general says after Pfizer news
Pfizer released new data Wednesday suggesting
that a third dose of its vaccine can "strongly" boost protection
against the Delta variant -- beyond the protection afforded by the
standard two doses.
The data, which included 23 people, has not yet been peer-reviewed or published.
But
Murthy told CNN on Wednesday that fully vaccinated people don't need to
get a booster at this point, if ever. And any decision on whether that
will change will be made by agencies such as the CDC and the US Food and
Drug Administration, he said.
"This
data from Pfizer, we've been in talks with them about what they're
seeing with regard to their studies related to boosters," Murthy told
CNN's "Newsroom" when asked about the data release. "But at this point, I
want to be very clear: People do not need to go out and get a booster
shot."
Murthy
also said whether it'd be ethical to recommend a third shot while there
is a major vaccine supply shortage in the developing world was a
"critical question." The ability to reduce the likelihood of future
variants developing depends on tamping down spread around the world, he
said.
Pfizer
anticipates submitting data on a third dose of its coronavirus vaccine
to the FDA as soon as next month, one of its research and development
leaders said during a company earnings call Wednesday.
Vaccinations are still the 'bedrock' of ending the pandemic
While
masking up will help reduce the spread of Covid-19 in the US, getting
vaccinated is still "the bedrock" of ending the pandemic, Murthy said.
"Vaccines still work. They still save lives. They still prevent hospitalizations at a remarkably high rate," he added.
Over
the past seven days, the rate of Americans getting their first vaccine
shots has gone up. It was 35% higher than the previous seven-day period
and the highest it has been in three weeks, according to CNN analysis of
CDC data.
But
vaccination rates are still not so high as to get enough of the US
inoculated against the virus to slow or stop its spread, experts have
said. Many experts have advocated for vaccine requirements as one way to
increase vaccination rates in the US.
Los
Angeles officials announced Tuesday that the city will require all of
its employees to show proof of vaccination or submit to weekly testing.
"The
fourth wave is here, and the choice for Angelenos couldn't be clearer
-- get vaccinated or get Covid-19," Mayor Eric Garcetti said. "We're
committed to pursuing a full vaccine mandate. I urge employers across
Los Angeles to follow this example."
The
move comes after the number of people hospitalized with the coronavirus
in Los Angeles County nearly doubled in the past two weeks. There are
currently 745 people hospitalized with the virus, compared to 372 people
two weeks ago, according to the Los Angeles County Department of Public
Health.
Such requirements by local entities are "very reasonable," Murthy said Tuesday.
Some
US hospitals and federal agencies are mandating that employees get
vaccinated against Covid-19 or submit to regular testing. Murthy noted
that many private institutions are considering following suit.
"Those
are decisions the federal government is not going to make," Murthy
said. "It's going to be institutions that make them, but I do think that
they are very reasonable, because this is a time when we've got to take
all steps possible to protect not just ourselves, but the people around
us, from Covid-19."
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